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Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




              Cовременная концепция
               диагностики и терапии
               агаммаглобулинемии с
                дефицитом В клеток
                         Г
                               Гусева М.Н.
           IV Всероссийская Школа по Клинической иммунологии
           Пушкинские Горы,Псковская область 27 янв-2февр 2013
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




    PEDIATRICS
    Official Journal of the American Academy of
      Pediatrics
    Vol 127 №5 may 2011
    Clinical Features That Identify Children With
      Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




    Proportion of Children With the 10 Warning Signs Grouped According to PID Type

                                  No Defianble PID     Definable PID     B Lymhocyte
                                  (N=133), n(%)        (N = 430), n(%)   (N = 92), n(%)
    Positive family history       6(4)                 148(34)а          24(26)а

    ≥2 deep-seated infections     15(11)               44(10)            8(9)
    ≥2 episodes of pneumonia      34(26)               105(24)           34(37)
    Abscesses(deep skin or        9(7)                 56(13)            2(2)
    organ)
    Multiple acute otitis media   47(35)               64(15)а           29(31)
    ≥2 sinus infections           21(16)               23(5)а            14(15)
    Persistent thrush             5(4)                 63(15)а           2(2)
    Intravenous antibiotics       56(42)               241(56)а          41(45)
    ≥2 mo of oral antibiotics     3(2)                 75(17)а           14(15)
    with little effect
    Failure to thrive             7(3)                 135(31)а          9(10)
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.



                Agammaglobulinemia: historical notes




 Colonel Odgen C. Bruton, 1952
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.



              Agammaglobulinemia:historical notes




    Colonel Bruton, 1952
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
 Pediatrics, 9, 722-728, 1952
                                    AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA
                                By Col. Ogden C. Bruton, M.C., U.S.A.
                                          Washinton, D.C.
     The complete absence of gamma globulin in human serum with a normal total
     protein as determined by electrophoretic analysis does not appear to have as yet
                det




     been reported in the literature. Stern1 mentions two cases of hypoproteinemia in
     children who had “almost complete absence of gamma globulin and were
     singularly free of infection.” Schick2 reported a similar congenital case without
     nephrosis with a review of the literature in wich the total protein was low, the
     gamma globulin fraction low, and edema present. The latter findings in
     nephrosis are well known. Krebs3 reported a case in wich there was a
     “depression of gammaglobulin in hypoproteinemia due to malnutrition.”
      The present author had the opportunity of following a patient without nephrotic
      syndrome, with normal nutrition, with complete absence of the gamma globulin
      fraction and normal total serum protein through several years of many
      infections including 19 episodes of clinical sepsis in wich some type
      pneumococcus was recovered by blood culture 10 time. This entity, wich, it
      was found, could be controlled by supplying gamma globulin as contained in
      concentrated immune human serum globulin, appears to be unique.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.


   Mancini G, Carbonara AO, Heremans JF.
   Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single
   radial immunodiffusion.
   Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235-54.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.


                        Agammaglobulinemia



            Immunological profile:
            - Absent/low immunoglobulin serum levels
            - Absence of circulating B cells (CD19+:<1%)



                      Healthy subject     Agammaglobulinemic patients
     CD19




                                                              CD3
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.

           Cytofluorimetric analysis of bone marrow’s B cells




                     Controllo                      Agamma
                    Healthy controls            Agammaglobulinemic patients


                           CD34+CD19+                   CD34+CD19+



    CD34                    CD34-CD19+                   CD34-CD19+




                                         CD19
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




                                                   pre-B cell




     pro-B cell                Btk

                             Myc, NFAT, NF-
                             kB, AP-1
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




    • Ген состоит из 19           • 90% всех случаев
      экзонов                       агаммаглобулинемии
    • Локализован на                XLA
      Xq21.3-Xq22
                                  • 10% аутосомно-
                                    рецессивное
                                    наследование
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.


               Symptoms
              at diagnosis




                             45
    Percentage of patients




                             40
                             35
                                                                                                                                                                     15%
                             30
                             25
                             20                                                                                                                                20%
                             15                                                                                                                                                           65%
                             10
                              5                                                                                                                                 Haemoph.inf.     Streptoc.pneum.
                              0                                                                                                                                 Pseudom.aerug.
                                                                                                                                               VAPP
                                  Otitis




                                                                                                                   Sepsis



                                                                                                                                                      Others
                                           Sinusitis




                                                                                                       Arthritis
                                                                                     Gastroenteritis



                                                                                                                            Mening/Encephal.
                                                       Pneumonia
                                                                   Skin infections
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




    X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia

    Definitive(Диагноз достоверен)

    Male patient with less than 2% CD19+ B cells and at least one of the following:

    1) Mutation in Btk
    2) Absent Btk mRNA on northern blot analysis of neutrophils or monocytes
    3) Absent Btk protein in monocytes or platelets
    4) Maternal cousins, uncles or nephews with less than 2% CD19+ B cells


    www.esid.org
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




    Probable(вероятен)

    Male patient with less than 2% CD19+ B cells in whom all of the following are positive:

    1) Onset of recurrent bacterial infections in the first 5 years of life
    2) Serum IgG, IgM and IgA more than 2SD below normal for age
    3) Absent isohemagglutinins and /or poor response to vaccines
    4) Other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia have been excluded (see Table)


    www.esid.org
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




      Possible(предположителен)

      Male patient with less than 2% CD19+ B cells in whom other causes of
      hypogammaglobulinemia have been excluded (see Table) and at least one of
      the following is positive:

      1) Onset of recurrent bacterial infections in the first 5 years of life
      2) Serum IgG, IgM and IgA more than 2 SD below normal for age
      3) Absent isohemagglutinins


      www.esid.org
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




     All other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia listed in Table 1:

     1) Mu heavy chain deficiency (дефицит тяжелых цепей)
     2) Lambda 5 deficiency
     3) IgA deficiency


     www.esid.org
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
   Age of               6 years                      3 years 8 months         3 years 9 months     1 year 4 months
   establishing
   diagnosis
     Clinical aspects   Purulent conjunctivitis,     Recurrent otitis,
                                                                 otitis,      Bilateral            Purulent
                        chronic maxillary            streptodermia,
                                                     streptodermia,           pneumonia,
                                                                              pneumonia,                         ,
                                                                                                   conjunctivitis,
                        sinusitis, chronic
                        sinusitis,                   rheumatoid arthritis,,   recurrent otitis,    enterovirus
                        pneumonia,
                        pneumonia,                   purulent                 neutropenia,
                                                                              neutropenia,         meningocephalitis,
                                                                                                   meningocephalitis,
                        bronchiectatic disease,,     conjunctivitis, nose
                                                                   ,          delay of physical    bacterial
                        left lung resection, nose
                                   resection,        bleeding                 development,
                                                                              development,         endocarditis
                        bleeding                     (disaggregative          chronic colitis
                        (disaggregative              trombocytopathya
                        trombocytopathya)            )
   Serum Ig             IgG -0.1г/л
                              0.1г                   IgG -0.11г/л
                                                          0.11г               IgG 2.0 г/л          Dramatic decrease
                        IgA- 0.17г/л
                        IgA- 0.17г                   IgA -0.18г/л
                                                          0.18г               IgA 0.13 г/л
                        IgM 0.27г/л
                             0.27г                   IgM 0.006г/л
                                                          0.006г              IgM 0,01
   B -cells             СD21 2%                      СD19 0%                  СD19 2%
   Molecular genetic    It wasn’t made
                           wasn’                     a c.881 C>T              It wasn’t made
                                                                                 wasn’             Mother and child
   research                                          missense mutation                             have Mutation
                                                     in exon 10 of the                             Nt61delT
                                                     BTK gene
   Therapy now          Regular replacement therapy with intravenous Ig
                        Antibacterial therapy in case of infection
                        Symptomatic therapy
   Age                  29years
                        29years                     12years
                                                    12years              17years
                                                                         17years                  10years
                                                                                                  10years
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




                Принципы терапии
     •Регулярная заместительная терапия
     внутривенными иммуноглобулинами
     •Лечение и профилактика
     инфекционных осложнений(Антибиотики
     широкого спектра действия по
     индивидуальным схемам)
     •Лечение аутоиммунных проявлений
     •Симптоматическая терапия
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




    The importance of regular immune globulin replacement in patients with
    antibody
    deficiencies was initially attributed to its ability to provide specific antibodies
    that could not be produced by these patients — in particular, antibodies to
    encapsulated
    organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae.
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.


    Контактная информация:
    Гусева Марина Николаевна
    педиатр, аллерголог - иммунолог, врач высшей
    категории КДЦ Санкт-Петербургской Государственной
    Педиатрической медицинской академии
    (www.gpma.ru),член ESID, член Steering Committee of The J
    Project
    Контактная информация: 194100 СПб., ул. Александра
    Матросова д.22
    тел. для записи: 8 (812) 295 41 75
    раб. телефон: 8 (812) 295 10 72

    E-mail: gusevamarina@mail.ru

    ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им.
    Пастера, 8(812)233-48-11
Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.




           Благодарю за внимание и
                сотрудничество

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гусева

  • 1. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Cовременная концепция диагностики и терапии агаммаглобулинемии с дефицитом В клеток Г Гусева М.Н. IV Всероссийская Школа по Клинической иммунологии Пушкинские Горы,Псковская область 27 янв-2февр 2013
  • 2. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. PEDIATRICS Official Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics Vol 127 №5 may 2011 Clinical Features That Identify Children With Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases
  • 3. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Proportion of Children With the 10 Warning Signs Grouped According to PID Type No Defianble PID Definable PID B Lymhocyte (N=133), n(%) (N = 430), n(%) (N = 92), n(%) Positive family history 6(4) 148(34)а 24(26)а ≥2 deep-seated infections 15(11) 44(10) 8(9) ≥2 episodes of pneumonia 34(26) 105(24) 34(37) Abscesses(deep skin or 9(7) 56(13) 2(2) organ) Multiple acute otitis media 47(35) 64(15)а 29(31) ≥2 sinus infections 21(16) 23(5)а 14(15) Persistent thrush 5(4) 63(15)а 2(2) Intravenous antibiotics 56(42) 241(56)а 41(45) ≥2 mo of oral antibiotics 3(2) 75(17)а 14(15) with little effect Failure to thrive 7(3) 135(31)а 9(10)
  • 4. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Agammaglobulinemia: historical notes Colonel Odgen C. Bruton, 1952
  • 5. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Agammaglobulinemia:historical notes Colonel Bruton, 1952
  • 6. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Pediatrics, 9, 722-728, 1952 AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA By Col. Ogden C. Bruton, M.C., U.S.A. Washinton, D.C. The complete absence of gamma globulin in human serum with a normal total protein as determined by electrophoretic analysis does not appear to have as yet det been reported in the literature. Stern1 mentions two cases of hypoproteinemia in children who had “almost complete absence of gamma globulin and were singularly free of infection.” Schick2 reported a similar congenital case without nephrosis with a review of the literature in wich the total protein was low, the gamma globulin fraction low, and edema present. The latter findings in nephrosis are well known. Krebs3 reported a case in wich there was a “depression of gammaglobulin in hypoproteinemia due to malnutrition.” The present author had the opportunity of following a patient without nephrotic syndrome, with normal nutrition, with complete absence of the gamma globulin fraction and normal total serum protein through several years of many infections including 19 episodes of clinical sepsis in wich some type pneumococcus was recovered by blood culture 10 time. This entity, wich, it was found, could be controlled by supplying gamma globulin as contained in concentrated immune human serum globulin, appears to be unique.
  • 7. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Mancini G, Carbonara AO, Heremans JF. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235-54.
  • 8. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Agammaglobulinemia Immunological profile: - Absent/low immunoglobulin serum levels - Absence of circulating B cells (CD19+:<1%) Healthy subject Agammaglobulinemic patients CD19 CD3
  • 9. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Cytofluorimetric analysis of bone marrow’s B cells Controllo Agamma Healthy controls Agammaglobulinemic patients CD34+CD19+ CD34+CD19+ CD34 CD34-CD19+ CD34-CD19+ CD19
  • 10. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. pre-B cell pro-B cell Btk Myc, NFAT, NF- kB, AP-1
  • 11. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. • Ген состоит из 19 • 90% всех случаев экзонов агаммаглобулинемии • Локализован на XLA Xq21.3-Xq22 • 10% аутосомно- рецессивное наследование
  • 12. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Symptoms at diagnosis 45 Percentage of patients 40 35 15% 30 25 20 20% 15 65% 10 5 Haemoph.inf. Streptoc.pneum. 0 Pseudom.aerug. VAPP Otitis Sepsis Others Sinusitis Arthritis Gastroenteritis Mening/Encephal. Pneumonia Skin infections
  • 13. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia Definitive(Диагноз достоверен) Male patient with less than 2% CD19+ B cells and at least one of the following: 1) Mutation in Btk 2) Absent Btk mRNA on northern blot analysis of neutrophils or monocytes 3) Absent Btk protein in monocytes or platelets 4) Maternal cousins, uncles or nephews with less than 2% CD19+ B cells www.esid.org
  • 14. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Probable(вероятен) Male patient with less than 2% CD19+ B cells in whom all of the following are positive: 1) Onset of recurrent bacterial infections in the first 5 years of life 2) Serum IgG, IgM and IgA more than 2SD below normal for age 3) Absent isohemagglutinins and /or poor response to vaccines 4) Other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia have been excluded (see Table) www.esid.org
  • 15. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Possible(предположителен) Male patient with less than 2% CD19+ B cells in whom other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia have been excluded (see Table) and at least one of the following is positive: 1) Onset of recurrent bacterial infections in the first 5 years of life 2) Serum IgG, IgM and IgA more than 2 SD below normal for age 3) Absent isohemagglutinins www.esid.org
  • 16. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. All other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia listed in Table 1: 1) Mu heavy chain deficiency (дефицит тяжелых цепей) 2) Lambda 5 deficiency 3) IgA deficiency www.esid.org
  • 17. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
  • 18. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
  • 19. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
  • 20. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г.
  • 21. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Age of 6 years 3 years 8 months 3 years 9 months 1 year 4 months establishing diagnosis Clinical aspects Purulent conjunctivitis, Recurrent otitis, otitis, Bilateral Purulent chronic maxillary streptodermia, streptodermia, pneumonia, pneumonia, , conjunctivitis, sinusitis, chronic sinusitis, rheumatoid arthritis,, recurrent otitis, enterovirus pneumonia, pneumonia, purulent neutropenia, neutropenia, meningocephalitis, meningocephalitis, bronchiectatic disease,, conjunctivitis, nose , delay of physical bacterial left lung resection, nose resection, bleeding development, development, endocarditis bleeding (disaggregative chronic colitis (disaggregative trombocytopathya trombocytopathya) ) Serum Ig IgG -0.1г/л 0.1г IgG -0.11г/л 0.11г IgG 2.0 г/л Dramatic decrease IgA- 0.17г/л IgA- 0.17г IgA -0.18г/л 0.18г IgA 0.13 г/л IgM 0.27г/л 0.27г IgM 0.006г/л 0.006г IgM 0,01 B -cells СD21 2% СD19 0% СD19 2% Molecular genetic It wasn’t made wasn’ a c.881 C>T It wasn’t made wasn’ Mother and child research missense mutation have Mutation in exon 10 of the Nt61delT BTK gene Therapy now Regular replacement therapy with intravenous Ig Antibacterial therapy in case of infection Symptomatic therapy Age 29years 29years 12years 12years 17years 17years 10years 10years
  • 22. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Принципы терапии •Регулярная заместительная терапия внутривенными иммуноглобулинами •Лечение и профилактика инфекционных осложнений(Антибиотики широкого спектра действия по индивидуальным схемам) •Лечение аутоиммунных проявлений •Симптоматическая терапия
  • 23. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. The importance of regular immune globulin replacement in patients with antibody deficiencies was initially attributed to its ability to provide specific antibodies that could not be produced by these patients — in particular, antibodies to encapsulated organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae.
  • 24. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Контактная информация: Гусева Марина Николаевна педиатр, аллерголог - иммунолог, врач высшей категории КДЦ Санкт-Петербургской Государственной Педиатрической медицинской академии (www.gpma.ru),член ESID, член Steering Committee of The J Project Контактная информация: 194100 СПб., ул. Александра Матросова д.22 тел. для записи: 8 (812) 295 41 75 раб. телефон: 8 (812) 295 10 72 E-mail: gusevamarina@mail.ru ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера, 8(812)233-48-11
  • 25. Гусева М.Н., IV Всероссийская школа по клинической иммунологии, 2013г. Благодарю за внимание и сотрудничество